OntoExhibit
type: Ontology
version IRI: https://w3id.org/OntoExhibit/1.1.0
abstract: OntoExhibit is the result of transforming and extending the conceptual model underlying Expofinder, a relational database developed within the Exhibitium project (Rodríguez-Ortega, Cruces-Rodríguez, 2019). The Expofinder model adheres to the traditional conception of the exhibition field: a network made up of the relationships that exhibitions establish among heterogeneous actors (artists, curators, institutions, etc.) and the cultural objects displayed. This model served as the starting point for the design and construction of the OntoExhibit model, which is an enhanced version born out of a refined conceptualization of the exhibition field. This development was informed by extensive conversations and dialogues with a diverse community of researchers, curators, gallery owners, and art critics. OntoExhibit interprets the art exhibition domain as a complex cultural ecosystem, comprising a diverse array of actors (including both human and non-human entities) intertwined through discursive and social practices. These practices create a complex web of semantic layers that imbue the domain with symbolic values. OntoExhibit thus approaches the phenomenon of art exhibitions in its double condition: as a distinct discursive, social, and cultural production emerging from a set of practices and interactions, and as an active producer/generator of discourses and public spheres. These public spheres, in turn, are shaped by discursive and social practices that also convey meanings and generate symbolic value, which can influence subsequent exhibitions. This creates a dynamic and continuous cycle of cultural impact and significance. According to this conceptualization, OntoExhibit aims to deepen our understanding of the structures, networks, and behavioral patterns within this cultural ecosystem; unravel its social, discursive, and semantic intricacies; and enhance our insights into the engagement of individuals and communities with cultural heritage through exhibitions. To this …
bibliographic citation: Nuria Rodríguez Ortega, María del Mar Roldán García, Martín Jerónimo Salvachúa, María Luisa Díez Platas. OntoExhibit version 1.1.0. URL: https://w3id.org/OntoExhibit
created: 2022-11
creator: MartinM10
creator: Maria del Mar Roldán García
creator: María Luisa Díez Platas
creator: Nuria Rodriguez Ortega
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
modified: 2025-12-31
references: Rodríguez Ortega, Nuria & Cruces Rodríguez, Antonio (2019). “Development of Technological Ecosystems for Cultural Analysis: The Case of Expofinder System and Art Exhibitions”. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 34(2), 423–448. https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqy018
references: Rodríguez Ortega, Nuria; Roldán García, M.ª Mar; Díez Platas, M.ª Luisa; Salvachúa, Martín (2023). “OntoExhibit: una ontología para el modelado del ámbito de las exposiciones artísticas y sus expansiones semántico-discursivas”. VI Congreso de la Sociedad Internacional de Humanidades Digitales Hispánicas (HDH), Encuentros y Transformaciones, UNIR, Logroño, 18–20 October 2023.
references: Rodríguez Ortega, Nuria; Roldán García, M.ª Mar; Díez Platas, M.ª Luisa; Salvachúa, Martín (2024). “OntoExhibit: An Ontology for Modeling the Field of Art Exhibitions and Its Semantic-Discursive Dimension”. In: Karajgikar, Jajwalya; Janco, Andrew; Otis, Jessica (eds.), Digital Humanities 2024: Book of Abstracts, VA 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13761079
references: Rodríguez-Ortega, Nuria (2024). “Contours of Knowledge: Epistemological Implications of Semantic Models in the Representation of the Art Exhibition Domain through the Lens of the OntoExhibit Ontology”. Život umjetnosti, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 122–147. https://doi.org/10.31664/zu.2024.114.06
references: Rodríguez-Ortega, Nuria; Díez-Platas, M.ª Luisa; Ortiz Tello, María; Lumbreras Fernández, Ángel (2025). “Bridging Discourse: Integrating Text Catalogs and Art Reviews into Knowledge Graphs for Enriched Exhibition Analysis”. ADHO International Conference Digital Humanities 2025: Accessibility and Citizenship, 14–18 July 2025, Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
references: Rodríguez-Ortega, Nuria; Romero Ferrón, Bárbara (2025). “Cartografías entrelazadas: modelar la transnacionalidad en el ecosistema expositivo español (2000–2023) mediante análisis de redes”. VI Congreso de la HDH, Ad Cognoscendum, agendum vel operandum, 22–24 October 2025, Universidad de Valencia. https://doi.org/10.7203/PUV-OA-9788491338307
references: Rodríguez-Ortega, Nuria; Romero Ferrón, Bárbara; Salvachúa, Martín (2025). “Empowering Peripheral Voices: Data Sovereignty and Low-Tech Solutions for Art Galleries Data Preservation”. ADHO International Conference Digital Humanities 2025: Accessibility and Citizenship, 14–18 July 2025, Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
references: Romero Ferrón, Bárbara; Rodríguez-Ortega, Nuria (2025). “Ni son todas las que están, ni están todas las que son: Estructuras, márgenes y mujeres artistas en el sistema expositivo andaluz”. VI Congreso de la HDH, Ad Cognoscendum, agendum vel operandum, 22–24 October 2025, Universidad de Valencia. https://doi.org/10.7203/PUV-OA-9788491338307
preferred namespace prefix: oex
comment: OntoExhibit consists of an OWL 2 (Ontology Web Language) ontology designed to facilitate the adoption of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles in managing information associated with the art exhibition domain, as a fundamental mean to guarantee its standardization, interoperability, reusability, and the extraction of new and strategic knowledge within this cultural sector. Within this context, OntoExhibit is conceived as a comprehensive ontology designed to address the needs and requirements of a range of target scenarios: 1. art historians and researchers engaged in exhibition and curatorial studies; 2. cultural heritage professionals involved in recording and documenting art exhibitions; 3. museum and independent curators; 4. gallery owners; and 5. CCI and tourism stakeholders.
version info: 1.1.0
code repository: https://github.com/iArtHis-Lab/OntoExhibit
funder: https://ciencia.sede.gob.es/
funder: https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/
funding: https://andalexproject.iarthislab.eu/
funding: https://complexhibit.eu/
introduction: OntoExhibit is being aligned with reference ontologies, specifically with CIDOC-CRM (7.2.1.) and FRBRoo (3.0). These ontologies have informed the definition of some of the classes and properties, while new classes and properties are being created to respond to the requirements of the art exhibition domain as defined in section 1. This is not a CIDOC-CRM specification as such, as only a few entities and properties have been adopted to facilitate alignment. OntoExhibit presents a conceptual structure and a hierarchy of classes different from that of CIDOC-CRM, which is better suited to the current configuration of the art exhibition domain and to the conceptualization of this phenomenon as a complex cultural ecosystem (Rodríguez Ortega, in press). This research has been funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spanish Government), grant number PID2021-125037NB-I00, and by the Junta de Andalucía, grant numbers PY20_00508, UMA20-FEDERJA-126. Referenced ontologies - frbroo: https://www.iflastandards.info/fr/frbr/frbroo.html - cidoc-crm: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/ Referenced ontology design patterns - agentRole: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/agentrole.owl

hasDigitalAnalogous
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isDigitalAnalogousOf
domain: Class
  union of: material object
  union of: physical site
range: propositional object
description: The "hasDigitalAnalogous" property represents a relationship between an entity and its exact digital reproduction. This property is used to link entities to their precise digital counterparts, which maintain all attributes and characteristics of the original. Examples of such digital analogues include a PDF version of a book, a digital twin of a building or city, or an exact 3D reconstruction of a physical object. The "hasDigitalAnalogous" property emphasizes the fidelity and accuracy of the digital reproduction in relation to the original entity, ensuring that the digital version tends to serve as an exact representation.

hasDigitalVersion
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isDigitalVersionOf
domain: Class
  union of: material object
  union of: physical site
  union of: planned activity
range: propositional object
description: The "hasDigitalVersion" property represents a relationship between an entity and its digital counterpart, where the digital version is not merely a reproduction but a variation or interpretation of the original entity. This digital version may incorporate additional elements, contextual adjustments, or creative reinterpretations that distinguish it from a straightforward digital copy. The property emphasizes the transformative nature of the digital version, which can offer new perspectives, enhanced features, or alternative forms of engagement with the original entity. The relationship between an entity and its exact digital counterpart is defined as “hasDigitalAnalogous,” while the relationship between an activity and its mere recording is defined as “hasDigitalRecording.”

hasExhibitingActant
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isExhibitingActantIn
domain: exhibitionary event
range: actant
description: The "hasExhibitingActant" property identifies the creative agents who participate in an exhibition by showcasing their works. This property links an exhibition or event to the agents (individuals or groups) responsible for exhibiting their creations, thereby acknowledging their role in the presentation of the artworks. For instance: Picasso is ExhibitingActantIn the exhibition “Picasso, 1906. The great transformation.

hasExhibitor
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isExhibitorIn
domain: exhibitionary event
range: expositor
description: This property identifies the agents (such as institutions, gallerists, collectors, etc.) that participate in an exhibition with their works. This property links an exhibition or event to the exhibitors who contribute by providing or showcasing their collections, acknowledging their role in the exhibition. For instance: Galería Alfredo Viñas isExhibitorIn Arco 2020 (art fair).

hasMembership
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isMembershipOf
domain: human actant
range: membership
description: Indicates that a human agent holds a membership within a collective human agent as represented by the Membership class.

isExhibitingActantIn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: actant
range: exhibitionary event
description: This property identifies the creative agents who participate in an exhibition by showcasing their works. This property links an exhibition or event to the agents (individuals or groups) responsible for exhibiting their creations, thereby acknowledging their role in the presentation of the artworks. For instance: Picasso is ExhibitingActantIn the exhibition “Picasso, 1906. The great transformation".

isExhibitorIn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: expositor
range: exhibitionary event
description: This property identifies the agents (such as institutions, gallerists, collectors, etc.) that participate in an exhibition with their works. This property links an exhibition or event to the exhibitors who contribute by providing or showcasing their collections, acknowledging their role in the exhibition. For instance: Galería Alfredo Viñas isExhibitorIn Arco 2020 (art fair).

geo:lat
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: physical site
domain: territorial entity
range: string

geo:long
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: physical site
domain: territorial entity
range: string

ISIC4 category
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: company
range: string
label: categoría ISIC4 @es

access type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: planned activity
range: Datatype
  one of: free
  one of: paid
label: tipo de acceso @es

activity status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: activity
range: Datatype
  one of: canceled
  one of: completed
  one of: ongoing
  one of: scheduled
label: estado de actividad @es

activity type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: collective human actant
range: string
label: tipo de actividad @es

address
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: headquarters
domain: emplazamiento
domain: physical site
domain: place of activity
domain: residency
range: string
label: dirección postal @es

appellation
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
description: The "appellation" data property represents alternative names, titles, or designations assigned to an entity, other than the official name. This property is used to specify commonly recognized names, nicknames, colloquial titles, or other forms of identification that serve to distinguish and identify the entity beyond its official designation. Instances are El Greco, Museo Reina Sofía (being the official name: Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía), Big Apple (New York), El Quijote, etc.
label: apelativo @es

awards
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: art competition
range: string
description: Describes the prizes or recognitions that will be awarded to the winners.
label: premio @es

budget
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: planned activity
range: string
label: presupuesto @es

contenido
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: conceptual object

degree
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: person
range: string
label: titulación @es

description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
description: A detailed textual description of the entity, including its purpose, functionalities, and key features.
label: descripción @es

email
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: human actant
range: string
label: correo electrónico @es

executive position type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: executive position
range: Datatype
  one of: CEO
  one of: director
  one of: president
label: tipo de puesto ejecutivo @es

gender
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: person
range: string
label: género @es

identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: anyURI
description: The "identifier" data property represents a unique code, number, or string assigned to an entity within various authority vocabularies. This property is used to specify the authoritative identifier that distinguishes an entity in controlled vocabularies, databases, or registries maintained by recognized institutions or organizations. Identifiers ensure consistent and unambiguous reference to entities across different systems and contexts.
label: identificador @es

name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
description: The official name or designation of an entity.
label: denominación @es

number of attendants
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: planned activity
range: integer
label: número de asistentes @es

number of visitors
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-place
label: número de visitantes @es

ownership type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: institution
range: Datatype
  one of: mixed
  one of: private
  one of: public
label: titularidad @es

person name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: name
domain: person
label: nombre @es

phone
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: human actant
range: string
label: teléfono @es

population
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: territorial entity
description: Number of inhabitants.
label: población @es

professional activity
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: person
range: string
label: actividad profesional @es

program
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: planned activity
range: string
label: programa @es

size
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: company
range: string
label: tamaño @es

social network profile
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: human actant
range: anyURI
label: perfil en red social @es

software version
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-actant
description: A detailed list of the technical specifications and requirements of the techno-actant.
label: versión de software @es

status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-actant
range: Datatype
  one of: active
  one of: innctive
  one of: under maintenance
description: A detailed list of the technical specifications and requirements of the techno-actant.
label: estado @es

sustrate
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: material object
range: Datatype
  one of: digital
  one of: physical
label: sustrato @es

technical specifications
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-actant
description: A detailed list of the technical specifications and requirements of the techno-actant.
label: especificaciones técnicas @es

techno-place type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-place
range: Datatype
  one of: infrastructure
  one of: metaverse
  one of: museum platform
  one of: social network
label: tipo de tecnolugar @es

ticket price
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: planned activity
range: decimal
label: tarifa @es

type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: exhibitionary event
domain: work manifestation
range: string
label: tipo @es

url
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: techno-place
range: anyURI

webpage
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Class
  union of: human actant
  union of: planned activity
range: string
label: página web @es

production
type: Class
subclass of: creation
description: The "Production" class represents the activities involved in the creation and fabrication of material objects.
label: producción @es

person
type: Class
subclass of: human actant
description: This class comprises real individual human beings who live or are assumed to have lived.
label: persona @es
equivalent class: http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/#term_Person

conceptual object
type: Class
subclass of: object
description: This class comprises purely conceptual and/or intellectual entities without concrete materialization. They constitute results derived from human intellectual and creative activity, with or without the assistance of non-human agencies.
label: objeto conceptual @es

event
type: Class
description: This class comprises any occurrence or happening that involves a change or a series of change over time. It encompasses specific and goal-oriented processes, such as creative and productive activities, that result in particular conceptual or material outcomes, and broader, organized and planned endeavors, such as exhibitions or conferences. They are characterized by their temporal and spatial dimensions.
label: evento @es
equivalent class: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.2.html#E5
equivalent class: https://www.iflastandards.info/fr/frbr/frbroo#F8

beginning of existence
type: Class
subclass of: activity
label: inicio de existencia @es

end of existence
type: Class
subclass of: activity
label: fin de existencia @es

creation
type: Class
subclass of: beginning of existence
disjoint with: destruction
description: This class refers to the process or act of bringing an object (conceptual or material) into existence.
label: creación @es

birth
type: Class
subclass of: biological event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: takesPlaceAt
  all values from: territorial entity
label: nacimiento @es

dissolution
type: Class
subclass of: end of existence
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
disjoint with: foundation
description: The "Dissolution" class represents the process and act of formally disbanding or terminating groups, institutions, organizations, or other entities.
label: disolución @es

death
type: Class
subclass of: biological event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: takesPlaceAt
  all values from: territorial entity
label: muerte @es

destruction
type: Class
subclass of: end of existence
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Destruction" class represents the process and act of causing material objects to become damaged, dismantled, or rendered unusable. This includes any activities that lead to the degradation, disintegration, or obliteration of objects, whether intentional or accidental. The Destruction class is crucial for documenting and understanding the loss or alteration of material objects within various contexts, such as art conservation, historical documentation, and cultural heritage preservation.
label: destrucción @es

group
type: Class
subclass of: collective human actant
description: This class comprises human actors organized into groups, such as artist groups, who act collectively in their roles or activities within the art exhibition domain, but does not necessarily have a legal or corporate structure. This class has a different scope from the CIDOC-CRM E74 Group class, which also includes institutions. In the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, institutions constitute a distinct class as they are recognized to have a legal personality different from that of groups, with a more complex and formal structure, and specific functions that are regulated and acknowledged by society. See the “Institution” class as a subclass of “Corporate Body”.
label: grupo @es
equivalent class: http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/#term_Group

place
type: Class
description: This class represents any location or setting where events occur, encompassing a wide range of spaces from geopolitical entities such as cities and countries to physical sites and digital platforms. This class is designed to capture the diverse environments in which art is displayed or experienced, including outdoor public spaces, temporary exhibition areas, and various digital or virtual environments. By including both macro-scale locations like nations or urban areas and micro-scale venues like exhibition halls or online galleries, "Place" facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the spatial dimensions in which culture and art interact with audiences globally. This class is broader than the CIDOC-CRM's E53 Place class, which is explicitly restricted to spaces of a physical nature.
label: lugar @es

academy of fine arts
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: academia de bellas artes @es

actant
type: Class
description: This class comprises entities that engage in a role or perform specific activities, either on their own initiative or mobilized by other entities. In the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, it refers to those entities that play an active role in the art exhibition domain. This class is broader than the CIDOC-CRM E39 Actor class, which is limited to human entities. Additionally, the decision to use the term "actant" over the more conventional term "actor" stems from the Greimasian tradition, where the condition of being an actant is determined by the specific role or function that an entity performs. In contrast, the term "actor," as currently associated with the concept of actor in Bruno Latour's actor-network theory, is defined by its capacity to exert agency. Acknowledging that any entity might possess agency within a specific context or time, the class labeled as “actor” would be all-encompassing, including all classes. Conversely, designating a distinct class as "actor" would restrict agency value to those classes classified as subclasses of actor.
label: actante @es
equivalent class: http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/#term_Agent

activity
type: Class
subclass of: event
description: This class comprises specific and goal-oriented processes or operations undertaken by a singular or collective agent. Activities are concrete and distinct events that result in particular conceptual or material outcomes.
label: actividad @es

affiche
type: Class
subclass of: visual information object
label: póster @es

affiliation
type: Class
description: Indicates that an individual holds a position as part of the staff in an organization. This property explicitly reflects a formal employment relationship where the individual performs specific roles and responsibilities within the organization.
label: afiliación @es

agent of destruction
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: destruction
label: agente de destrucción @es

alma mater
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: educational institution

approximate date
type: Class
subclass of: date
description: The "Approximate Date" class represents a point in time that is not defined with precise accuracy but is estimated to fall within a certain range. This includes dates that are roughly known, such as an approximate year, month, or day, and can be used when exact dates are not available or necessary. Approximate Dates are useful for historical research, planning, and scenarios where only an estimated timeframe is required.
label: fecha aproximada @es

arquitectural project
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual work
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasManifestation
  all values from: architectural work manifestation
label: proyecto arquitectónico @es

architectural work manifestation
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
description: The "Architectural Work Manifestation" class represents the tangible manifestation of an architectural project.
label: manifestación de obra arquitectónica @es

archive
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: archivo @es

art center
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: centro de arte @es

art competition
type: Class
subclass of: exhibitionary event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Art Competition" class represents an organized event where participants submit their artworks to be evaluated and judged, with the goal of winning prizes or recognition. These events also serve to showcase artworks to the public in a competitive context.
label: concurso artístico @es

art dealer
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: marchante @es

Art Exhibition Digital Platform
type: Class
subclass of: Digital Platform
description: Art Exhibition Digital Platform
description: Plataforma para exposiciones @es
description: This class represents digital platforms specifically designed to produce, host, and present digital exhibitions. An instance of this class is the ‘New Art City’ platform.

art school
type: Class
subclass of: educational institution
label: escuela de arte @es

artists group
type: Class
subclass of: group
description: A group of individuals who collaborate or associate under a common name or collective identity with the purpose of creating, exploring, or exhibiting art.
label: grupo de artistas @es

artwork
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
label: objeto artístico @es

assessment assignment
type: Class
subclass of: proposition assignment
description: The "Assessment Assignment" class represents the act or process of evaluating, appraising, or judging the quality, value, or significance of an entity or work. Assessment Assignments can be applied to artworks, projects, performances, or any other entities that require formal evaluation.
label: asignación de valoración @es

assessment
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
label: valoración @es

assignment
type: Class
subclass of: event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Assignment" class represents the action of assigning attributes, propositions, statements, evaluations, critical assessment, interpretations, or similar elements to entities. This action involves linking specific descriptive, interpretative or evaluative contents to artworks, exhibitions, cultural creations and events, or any relevant subjects within the domain. The Assignment class is essential for providing additional context, meaning, or evaluation to entities, thereby enhancing understanding, interpretation, and scholarly analysis.
label: asignación @es
equivalent class: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.2.html#E13

assistant curator
type: Class
subclass of: Assistant
label: asistente de comisario/a @es

attendant
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: asistente @es

auction
type: Class
subclass of: exhibitionary event
description: The "Auction" class represents a type of "Exhibitionary Event" where artworks, artifacts, or other items are presented for sale to the highest bidder. Auctions are typically organized by auction houses, galleries, or other entities, and they attract collectors, dealers, and the general public.
label: subasta @es

auction house
type: Class
subclass of: company
label: casa de subastas @es

author
type: Class
subclass of: creator
description: The "Author" class represents individuals or entities responsible for the creation and conceptualization within art exhibitions. This includes not only the creators of the exhibited works, such as visual artists, sculptors, painters, photographers, and multimedia artists, but also those involved in the conceptualization of the exhibition itself, the design of the museographic elements, and other creative and productive contributions that shape the overall experience of the exhibition.
label: autor @es

beginning of activity
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
description: The "Beginning of Activity" class represents the initial actions or events that mark the commencement of a larger activity or event. This includes ceremonies, inaugural speeches, opening performances, or any other activities that signify the start of an event or activity.
label: inicio de actividad @es

biennial
type: Class
subclass of: exhibition
description: The "Biennial" class represents a large-scale exhibition event that occurs every two years, showcasing a curated selection of artworks, often from a diverse range of artists, disciplines, and cultural backgrounds. Biennials are significant events in the art world, designed to present cutting-edge contemporary art, foster international cultural exchange, and engage with global artistic trends. These events typically span several months and include various programs such as exhibitions, performances, panel discussions, workshops, and educational activities.
label: bienal @es

biological event
type: Class
subclass of: event
description: A biological event refers to any significant occurrence or process within a biological system that results in a change or development in the organism, population, or ecosystem. @es
label: evento biológico @es

biological object
type: Class
subclass of: non-produced material object
description: The "Biological Object" class represents entities derived from living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. These objects are naturally occurring and can be displayed in art exhibitions for their scientific, educational, aesthetic, or cultural significance. Biological Objects may include specimens, preserved samples, live organisms, or parts of organisms (such as leaves, bones, shells, or feathers) and can be integral components of artworks or installations, providing a unique intersection between art and nature.
label: organismo biológico @es

brochure
type: Class
subclass of: information object
label: folleto @es

building
type: Class
subclass of: physical site
label: edificio @es

caption
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object
label: pie de foto @es

catalogue
type: Class
subclass of: information object
subclass of: work manifestation
label: catálogo @es

closing
type: Class
subclass of: end of activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
label: clausura @es

collaborator
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: colaborador @es

collective human actant
type: Class
subclass of: human actant
description: A group of individuals who act together as a collective entity to influence, participate in, or intervene in specific processes or situations. This collective may be formal, such as institutions or professional associations, or informal, such as social communities or an interest group.
label: actante humano colectivo @es

collector
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: coleccionista @es

communication activity
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
description: The "Communication Activity" class represents any activity aimed at conveying information, promoting events, engaging with audiences, or facilitating interaction and dialogue. This includes a wide range of activities such as public relations campaigns, social media interactions, press releases, newsletters, and other forms of communication that support the dissemination and reception of information related to art exhibitions and cultural events.
label: actividad de comunicación @es

communication dispostif
type: Class
subclass of: dispositif
description: The "Communication Dispositif" class represents materials and events used to communicate and disseminate information about cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs typically include press releases, brochures, websites, social media posts, newsletters, and other structured systems or media that convey information to the public and stakeholders. Additionally, other objects and materials can also serve this purpose. Therefore, this class links cultural activities and productions with those propositional objects and events that inform about them, regardless of their nature, genre, or typology.
label: dispositivo de comunicación @es

community
type: Class
subclass of: group
description: A group of individuals who interact informally moved by shared interests. In the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, this class specifically refers to communities that interact on social media platforms, such as Twitter, Facebook, Discord, etc. This class would include, for example, instances of DAOs (decentralized autonomous organizations).
label: comunidad @es

company
type: Class
subclass of: corporate body
description: A legal entity established with the goal of obtaining economic benefits. In the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, this class specifically refers to those entities dedicated to the sale, distribution, or promotion of products and services related to art. This may include commercial galleries, art consultancy firms, art supply companies, among others. It also refers to those entities not directly related to the art field, but that can act as promoters or financiers in certain exhibition projects. This class also includes those entities that play a significant role in the field of art criticism, the production/publication of curatorial texts, and, in general, cultural, intellectual, or artistic productions related to art exhibitions.
label: compañía empresarial @es

complementary topic
type: Class
subclass of: theme
label: tema complementario @es

computational development
type: Class
subclass of: creation
description: The "Computational Development" class represents the activities and processes involved in creating, designing, and implementing computational systems, software, and algorithms. This includes the development of digital tools, applications, interactive systems, and computational models that support various domains such as art, science, engineering, and education. Computational Development encompasses tasks such as coding, software engineering, system architecture, algorithm design, and testing, aimed at producing functional and innovative technological solutions.
label: desarrollo computacional @es

computational object
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasProduction
  all values from: computational development
description: The "Computational Object" class represents entities created with computational languages, and processed or existing within computational systems. These objects include software, algorithms, simulations, virtual environments, AI systems, and other digital productions. Computational Objects are characterized by their creation, manipulation, and existence within digital or computational frameworks, and they play a crucial role in digital art, generative curation, and digital exhibitions. Nevertheless, this class should not be confused with artworks, cultural objects, or other work manifestations that materialize in digital format.
label: objeto computacional @es

concept
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
description: A fundamental unit that represents an abstract idea, entity, or category that encapsulates the essential characteristics and properties of an object, event, or phenomenon.
label: concepto @es
equivalent class: https://www.iflastandards.info/fr/frbr/frbroo#F6

conception
type: Class
subclass of: creation
description: Conception" refers to the specific activity involved in the conceptualization of abstract, non-material objects. This class encompasses the intellectual processes and creative thinking required to develop ideas, theories, frameworks, and other intangible constructs. "Conception" includes activities such as brainstorming, theorizing, imagining, planning, and designing conceptual entities. It is characterized by the formulation of novel concepts, models, or solutions that exist primarily in the cognitive realm, rather than having a physical form.
label: concepción @es

conceptual work
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
subclass of: propositional entity
description: The intellectual and conceptual formulation of a work conceived as a coherent and unitary entity in itself. It is potentially susceptible to being realized in various expressions and/or manifestations.
label: obra conceptual @es
equivalent class: https://www.iflastandards.info/fr/frbr/frbroo#F1

conference
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
label: congreso @es

conmemorative event
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Commemorative Event" class represents a significant occasion organized to honor, remember, or celebrate an important person, event, or milestone, such as the fiftieth anniversary of Picasso's death. A Commemorative Event can encompass a variety of activities and sub-events, including exhibitions, lectures, performances, and ceremonies.
label: evento conmemorativo @es

consultant
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: consultor @es

coordinator
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: coordinador/a @es

corporate body unit
type: Class
subclass of: corporate body
description: A functional unit within a corporate organization that specializes in specific tasks or functions, forming part of the corporation's overall structure. This unit may be a department, a division, or any other segment that has defined roles and responsibilities within the corporation. This class may include instances such as: Departamento de Pintura of the Museo del Prado or Vicerrectorado de Cultural of the Universidad de Málaga.
label: unidad de organización corporativa @es

corporate visual branding
type: Class
subclass of: visual information object
comment: para la imagen de marca de las instituciones y corporaciones
label: identidad visual corporativa @es

creator
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: creador @es

cultural center
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: centro cultural @es

Cultural Institution
type: Class
subclass of: institution
description: This class comprises institutions whose main role is the preservation, research, communication and exhibition of cultural productions, such as museums, art centers, foundations, libraries, and other cultural organizations.
label: institución cultural @es

cultural work manifestation
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
description: The "Cultural Work Manifestation" class represents cultural objects and productions that fall outside the traditional Western concept of "artistic" objects. This class encompasses a wide range of cultural works that are significant in their own right but do not fit the specific connotations and constructions associated with the Western concept of art. Examples include traditional crafts, indigenous artifacts, cultural rituals, folkloric expressions, community-based creations, and other forms of cultural manifestations. The purpose of this class is to provide a more inclusive framework for classifying and understanding cultural productions that cannot be categorized as "artworks" within the Western paradigm.
label: objeto cultural @es

curation
type: Class
subclass of: conception
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Curation" class represents the process and practice of selecting, organizing, and presenting artworks and other cultural and material objects within an art exhibition. This includes all activities related to the conceptual aspects of creating a cohesive and meaningful exhibition, such as research, selection of works, thematic development, arrangement of artworks, and interpretative content.
label: curación @es

curator
type: Class
subclass of: author
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: Class
    union of: human actant
    union of: techno-actant
description: The "Curator" class represents individuals or entities responsible for the conceptualization of exhibition-curatorial projects. Curators play a crucial role in the selection of exhibition themes, development of curatorial discourse, selection of exhibitors and works, and interpretation of cultural objects. Curators may work independently or as part of a team within museums, galleries, or other cultural institutions.
label: comisario @es

curatorial discourse
type: Class
subclass of: discourse
description: This class refers to the narrative, critical thinking, and conceptual framework developed by curators to guide the creation, organization, and interpretation of an exhibition. This discourse encompasses the thematic, theoretical, and contextual elements that shape the presentation and understanding of the artworks or artifacts on display.
label: discurso curatorial @es

curatorial proposal
type: Class
subclass of: preliminary ideas
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isPreliminaryIdeasOf
  all values from: exhibition curatorial project
label: propuesta de comisariado @es

curatorial project
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual work
description: This class refers to the comprehensive conceptualization, planning, and organization of a cultural activity and production based on selection processes and narrative building. This project encompasses various actions and processes, including the conceptualization of the curatorial discourse and narrative to be unfolded, the selection of activities to be carried out or material objects to be displayed or recorded, coordination with participants, the design of the associated place (digital and/or physical), and the development of interpretative content.
label: proyecto curatorial @es

data base
type: Class
subclass of: computational object
subclass of: information object
label: base de datos @es

date
type: Class
subclass of: time-span
description: Temporal unit that does not imply duration. This class represents a specific point in time identified by a day, usually recorded as year, month, and day.
label: fecha @es

designer
type: Class
subclass of: creator
label: diseñador @es

developer
type: Class
subclass of: creator
label: desarrollador @es

diagramme
type: Class
subclass of: visual information object
label: diagrama @es

digital place
type: Class
subclass of: techno-place
description: This class comprehends a variety of digital environments such as digital platforms, websites, virtual reality (VR) environments, augmented reality (AR) spaces, and other online interfaces where technology facilitates interaction or presentation. In OntoExhibit, “digital places” also represent the digital environments where digital cultural activities, included digital exhibitions, take place. “Digital places” may include “Digital Sites”.
label: espacio digital @es

Digital Platform
type: Class
subclass of: digital place
description: The "Digital Platform" class represents large-scale technological infrastructures designed to host, manage, and support extensive digital interactions and activities. These platforms provide the backbone for a wide range of digital services and applications, facilitating complex operations and high-volume user engagement. Digital Platforms include large-scale social media networks, comprehensive cloud computing services, extensive content distribution networks, and other robust digital infrastructures that go beyond specific websites. In the art exhibitions domain, an example of a digital platform could be Europeana, which features a dedicated section for the presentation of digital exhibitions.
label: Plataforma Digital @es

digital site
type: Class
subclass of: site
subclass of: techno-place
description: The "Digital Site" class represents specific, smaller-scale digital locations that are part of larger digital environments or platforms. These sites include individual web pages, subdomains, sections of websites, or specific interactive components within a broader digital platform. “Digital Sites” serve focused purposes within their larger digital contexts, such as hosting specific content -including digital exhibitions-, and facilitating targeted interactions, or providing specialized services.
label: sitio digital @es

disciple
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: discípulo @es

discourse
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
label: discurso @es

dispositif
type: Class
description: In OntoExhibit, the "Dispositif" class represents a category that encompasses entities functioning as elements for documenting exhibitions, communicating information about them, facilitating their understanding, expanding their ideas, and more. This class includes various types of dispositifs such as documentation tools, communication materials, mediation activities, interpretative aids, and expansion apparatuses. A dispositif serves to enhance engagement, comprehension, expansion, and dissemination of knowledge related to exhibitions, making it a crucial component in the art exhibition domain’s discursive and social practices. Although in OntoExhibit this class is specifically designed to codify information about exhibitions, it can also be applied to other events and objects.
label: dispositivo @es

documenta
type: Class
subclass of: exhibition
description: The "Documenta" class represents the recurring large-scale contemporary art exhibition that takes place every five years in Kassel, Germany. Documenta is one of the most prestigious and influential events in the art world, known for showcasing cutting-edge contemporary art and fostering critical dialogue about social, political, and cultural issues.

documentation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: dispositif
description: The "Documentation Dispositif" class represents propositional objects used to document or register information, data, evidences, features, etc. with the aim of recording and preserving information about something. Classes that are susceptible to be documented are events, material objects, conceptual works, and places. Various propositional objects are typically employed for these purposes, including catalogs, records, inventories, databases, and other structured documentation systems that capture, organize, and store information. Additionally, other propositional objects can also serve this purpose, such as artworks, maps, diagrams, personal photograph albums, socially-built archives, etc., although they have not been primarily conceived or designed for this end. Therefore, this class links entities with those propositional objects that document them regardless their nature, genre, or typology.
label: dispositivo de documentación @es

editor
type: Class
subclass of: role

educational institution
type: Class
subclass of: institution
description: This class comprises institutions whose main role is the education but that play a significant role in the art exhibition domain promoting, organizing or funding exhibitions.
label: institución educativa @es

emotional reaction
type: Class
subclass of: event
description: The "Emotional Reaction" class represents the emotional responses elicited by artworks, exhibitions, events, or cultural entities. This includes the range of emotions experienced by individuals, such as joy, sadness, anger, surprise, and awe, in response to artistic and cultural stimuli. Emotional Reactions are important for understanding the affective impact of cultural content on audiences and can provide valuable insights into audience engagement and reception.
label: reacción emocional @es

end of activity
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
description: The "End of Activity" class represents the concluding actions or events that mark the termination of a larger activity or event. This includes closing ceremonies, final speeches, concluding performances, or any other activities that signify the end of an event or activity.
label: fin de actividad @es

exact date
type: Class
subclass of: date
description: The "Exact Date" class represents a specific point in time, defined with precision by a particular calendar date.
label: fecha exacta @es

executive position
type: Class
description: This class represents the formal and official relationship where an individual represents an organization in a leadership or executive capacity. This class is used to capture the relationship where an individual, such as a CEO of a company, the professional association’s president, or a museum director embodies the organizational authority and is responsible for the decision-making, strategic directives and speaking on behalf of the organization.
label: puesto ejecutivo @es

exhibition
type: Class
subclass of: exhibitionary event
subclass of: work manifestation
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: embodies
  all values from: curatorial discourse
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasProduction
  all values from: exhibition making
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Exhibition" class represents a curated display of artworks, artifacts, or cultural items presented to the public in a specific venue, such as a museum, gallery, or cultural center. Exhibitions are organized to showcase collections, promote artistic expression, educate audiences, and engage the public with cultural heritage.
label: exposición @es

exhibition curatorial project
type: Class
subclass of: curatorial project
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasManifestation
  all values from: exhibition
description: This class refers to the comprehensive conceptualization, planning, and organization of an art exhibition. This project encompasses various activities, including the conceptualization of the curatorial discourse, the selection of works to be displayed, the coordination with artists, the design and layout of the exhibition space, the development of interpretative content, and the formulation of audience engagement strategies.
label: proyecto expositivo-curatorial @es

exhibition idea
type: Class
subclass of: preliminary ideas
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isPreliminaryIdeasOf
  all values from: exhibition curatorial project
label: idea de exposición @es

exhibition making
type: Class
subclass of: production
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Exhibition Making" class represents the comprehensive set of activities aimed at the effective production of an art exhibition. This encompasses the materialization of a curatorial and exhibition project, including the planning, coordination, and execution of all tasks necessary to bring the exhibition to life. Activities within Exhibition Making involve collaboration between curators, artists, designers, museographers, experts in visual branding, and other stakeholders to ensure the successful realization of the exhibition's vision.
label: producción expositiva @es

exhibitionary event
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
description: The "Exhibitionary Event" class represents any event specifically organized to showcase artworks, artifacts, or cultural items to the public. These events can include art exhibitions, gallery openings, art fairs, and other similar occasions where the primary focus is the presentation and viewing of curated collections.
label: evento expositivo @es

expositor
type: Class
subclass of: role
description: exhibitor

expansion dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: dispositif
description: The "Expansion Dispositif" class represents propositional objects and activities used to expand the interpretation, readings, understanding, and overall comprehension of cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs include supplementary materials, interactive media, extended narratives, academic publications, discussion forums, and other materials and activities designed to deepen and broaden the audience's engagement and understanding of the cultural activities and productions. Additionally, other propositional objects and activities can also serve this purpose. Therefore, this class links cultural activities and productions with those propositional objects and activities that expand their understanding and interpretations, regardless of their nature, genre, or typology.
label: dispositivo de expansión @es

art fair
type: Class
subclass of: exhibitionary event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: time range
description: The "Art Fair" class represents a type of "Exhibitionary Event" that brings together multiple galleries, artists, and exhibitors to showcase and sell artworks in a single venue. Art fairs are typically large-scale events that attract collectors, critics, curators, and the general public. These events often include a variety of programs such as exhibitions, talks, panel discussions, and performances, providing a dynamic platform for the art market and fostering cultural exchange.
label: feria de arte @es

family workshop
type: Class
subclass of: workshop
label: taller familiar @es

film proyection
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
label: proyección de cine @es

foundation
type: Class
subclass of: creation
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Foundation" class represents the act of establishing institutions, organizations, groups, or other entities. In the context of art and cultural heritage, this includes the creation of museums, galleries, art collectives, cultural institutions, and similar entities. The foundation process involves legal, administrative, and/or organizational activities necessary to formally create and sustain these entities, ensuring they can operate and achieve their missions.
label: fundación @es

founder
type: Class
subclass of: creator
label: fundador @es

funder
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: human actant
label: financiador @es

art gallery
type: Class
subclass of: company
description: An organizational entity dedicated to exhibiting and marketing works of art. Art galleries play a crucial role in the art ecosystem, acting as intermediaries between artists and the public, and often contribute to the development of artistic careers and the fostering of contemporary art trends.
label: galería de arte @es

government organization
type: Class
subclass of: corporate body
description: This class represents organizations that are part of the public sector and are responsible for implementing government policies, providing public services, and managing public resources. This class includes entities such as municipalities, ministries, regional governments, and other governmental bodies.
label: organización gubernamental @es

graphic designer
type: Class
subclass of: designer
label: diseñador/a gráfico @es

guided tour
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
label: visita comentada @es

hashtag
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object

headquarters
type: Class
description: This class represents the central operational location of a group, community or corporate body, serving as the primary place from which an organization conducts its major activities and management. This class acts as an intermediary that connects entities with their principal physical sites over specified periods. This intermediate class is of particular interest to cultural entities, such as galleries, that undergo frequent changes in location and physical addresses.
label: sede central @es

hoja de sala
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object

human actant
type: Class
subclass of: actant
description: This class comprises actants that are human beings.
label: actante humano @es

illustrator
type: Class
subclass of: creator
label: ilustrador @es

infoographic
type: Class
subclass of: visual information object
label: infografía @es

information object
type: Class
subclass of: propositional object
description: The "Informational Object" class represents entities that primarily consist of data or information, designed to convey knowledge, facts, instructions, or messages. Informational Objects can include documents, digital files, databases, manuals, maps, and other forms of recorded information. They serve as vehicles for the storage, transmission, and presentation of knowledge across various mediums and formats. This class is not equivalent to the E73 Information Object class of the CIDOC-CRM model, as in this reference model, this class is considered a subclass of Conceptual Object, thereby ignoring their material conditions.
label: objeto de información @es

institution
type: Class
subclass of: corporate body
description: This class comprises non-profit corporate bodies. In the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, it refers those institutions that play a significant role in the art exhibition domain in its multiple dimensions. Instances of this class are Museo del Prado, Google Art and Culture, Europeana, Library of Congress, etc.
label: institución @es

institutional communication dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: communication dispostif
description: The "Institutional Communication Dispositif" class represents official materials and events used by institutions to communicate and disseminate information about cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs function as authoritative sources of information, providing legitimacy and formal recognition to the messages conveyed. Examples include institutional press releases, official brochures, institutional websites, social media channels managed by the institution, newsletters, and other structured communication systems.
label: dispositivo de comunicación institucional @es

institutional documentation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: documentation dispositif
description: The "Institutional Documentation Dispositif" class represents official documentation tools and mechanisms used by institutions to record, organize, and legitimize information about events, activities, and objects. These dispositifs function as authoritative sources of information, providing legitimacy and formal recognition to the documented entities. Examples include official records, registries, institutional databases, and certified archival materials. The institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in establishing and maintaining authoritative narratives and histories within the institutional framework.
label: dispositivo de documentación institucional @es

institutional expansion dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: expansion dispositif
description: The "Institutional Expansion Dispositif" class represents official materials and activities used by institutions to expand the interpretations, readings, discourses, ideas, and understanding of cultural events and objects. These dispositifs function as authoritative mechanisms for broadening and deepening the understanding and engagement with cultural content. Examples include institutional publications, official social media campaigns, lectures, academic conferences, and collaborative projects with other cultural or educational institutions. The institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in delivering institutionally legitimized means for enriching and expanding the cultural narrative and intellectual engagement.
label: dispositivo de expansión institucional @es

institutional mediation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: mediation dispositif
description: The "Institutional Mediation Dispositif" class represents official materials and activities used by institutions to facilitate the interpretation, understanding, and engagement with cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs function as authoritative mechanisms for guiding public interaction with cultural content, providing structured and sanctioned methods of mediation. Examples include institutional educational programs, guided tours, official exhibition catalogs, interpretive panels, interactive displays, and workshops organized by the institution. The institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in institutionally approved interpretations and educational content to the public.
label: dispositivo de mediación institucional @es

instructor
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: instructor/a @es

interpretation
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
label: interpretación @es

interpretation assignment
type: Class
subclass of: proposition assignment
description: The "Interpretation Assignment" class represents the act or process of assigning a specific interpretation, meaning, or analysis to an entity or work. This class encompasses various activities involved in the contextualization, explanation, and understanding of an entity's significance, including the assignment of thematic, historical, cultural, or conceptual interpretations. Interpretation Assignments can be applied to artworks, texts, events, or any other entities that require deeper analysis and understanding.
label: asignación de interpretación @es

interpretation center
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: centro de interpretación @es

label
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object
label: cartela @es

lecture
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
label: conferencia @es

lecturer
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: conferenciante @es

lender
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: human actant
label: prestador @es

library
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: biblioteca @es

linguistic information object
type: Class
subclass of: information object
label: objeto de información lingüística @es

literaty work
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
label: obra literaria @es

emplazamiento
type: Class
description: This class represents a physical or technological place where various types of collective actants are situated during specific periods. This class serves as an intermediary class linking collective actants, such as groups or corporate organizations, to the specific geographical territories or technoplaces where their headquarters are located. Thus, groups or corporate organizations may have two different and complementary locations. For instance, the Museo del Prado has two locations: Madrid (territorial entity) and the Museo del Prado’s website (technoplace). This class differs from the “Place of Activity” class, which represents the multiple places where an actant (individual or collective) can carry out their activities. For individual actants belonging to the Person class, the intermediary class that represents their place of location is Residency.
comment: location

main topic
type: Class
subclass of: theme
label: tema central @es

material object
type: Class
subclass of: object
description: The "Material Object" class encompasses entities that have a material existence in the world, either as physical objects or as formal realizations or materializations of ideas, concepts, etc. This class includes both physical and digital entities, as well as entities that exist solely as formal expressions, such as a poem or a melody. Material Objects are characterized by their tangible or representational form, making them accessible to perception, interaction, or representation.
label: objeto material @es

media company
type: Class
subclass of: company
label: empresa de medios de comunicación @es

mediation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: dispositif
description: The "Mediation Dispositif" class represents propositional objects and activities used to facilitate the interpretation, understanding, and engagement with cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs typically include educational materials, guided tours, interactive displays, workshops, and other structured systems or tools that mediate the relationship between the audience and the cultural activity and production. Additionally, other propositional objects and activities can also serve this purpose. Therefore, this class links cultural activities and productions with those propositional objects and activities that mediate with the audience, regardless of their nature, genre, or typology.
label: dispositivo de mediación @es

meeting
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
label: encuentro @es

member
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: miembro @es

membership
type: Class
description: This class represents the relationship of an individual or collective as a member within a group or corporate body. This class captures the terms and the period of membership. It is used to manage and analyze the engagement of members in collective entities and organizations. This class is broader than the membershipClass in the FOAF ontology, which restricts the possibility of acting as a membership organization to the class Group. In OntoExhibit, the class collective human actant comprises both groups and corporate bodies, which can act as membership organizations.
label: membresía @es

museographer
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: Class
    union of: person
    union of: museographic firm
label: museógrafo/a @es

museographic collection
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: colección museográfica @es

museographic firm
type: Class
subclass of: company
label: firma de museografía @es

museum
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: museo @es

music event
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
label: evento musical @es

narrative structure
type: Class
subclass of: ordering structure
label: estructura narrativa @es

narrative/discursive unit
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
comment: las partes discursivas y/o narrativas en las que se articula una obra intelectual. Se trata de una segmentación explícita que puede desarrollar una o más proposiciones @es

natural landscape
type: Class
subclass of: physical site
label: espacio natural @es

natural object
type: Class
subclass of: non-produced material object
description: The "Natural Object" class represents entities that occur naturally in the environment. These objects are not created by humans or technological processes, and include a wide range of naturally occurring materials and formations such as rocks, minerals, plants, fossils, and other elements found in nature. Natural objects can be part of art exhibitions. They may be exhibited for their intrinsic beauty, scientific interest, or cultural significance. Therefore, they can also be integral components of artworks or art installations.
label: objeto de la naturaleza @es

non-institucional communication dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: communication dispostif
description: The "Non-Institutional Communication Dispositif" class represents unofficial materials and events used to communicate and disseminate information about cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs often include contributions from individuals, artists, independent groups, and grassroots organizations. They may reflect personal perspectives or community-driven initiatives. Examples include personal blogs, independent social media posts, artist statements, community newsletters, zines, and other forms of informal communication. The non-institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in offering diverse and decentralized forms of communication within the cultural sector.
label: dispositivo de comunicación no institucional @es

non-institutional documentation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: documentation dispositif
description: The "Non-Institutional Documentation Dispositif" class represents unofficial documentation tools and mechanisms used to record and interpret information about events, activities, and objects. These dispositifs often include socially constructed materials, contributions from artists, and other informal or non-official sources. They may reflect personal perspectives, creative interpretations, or community-generated content, providing alternative narratives and insights that complement or challenge institutional records. Examples include personal archives, artist's notebooks, community-led documentation projects, and other forms of grassroots or independent documentation.
label: dispositivo de documentación no institucional @es

non-institutional expansion dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: expansion dispositif
description: The "Non-Institutional Expansion Dispositif" class represents informal tools, materials, and activities used to expand the interpretations, readings, discourses, ideas, and understanding of cultural events or objects. These dispositifs are often created and distributed by individuals, artists, independent groups, or grassroots organizations. They provide alternative and diverse methods for broadening and deepening engagement with cultural content, reflecting personal perspectives, creative interpretations, or community-driven initiatives. Examples include independent publications, artist-led discussions, community workshops, blogs, zines, and other informal media. The non-institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in offering varied and decentralized forms of expanding cultural narratives and intellectual engagement.
label: dispositivo de expansión no institucional @es

non-institutional mediation dispositif
type: Class
subclass of: mediation dispositif
description: The "Non-Institutional Mediation Dispositif" class represents informal tools, materials, and activities used to facilitate the interpretation, understanding, and engagement with cultural activities and productions. These dispositifs are often created and distributed by individuals, artists, independent groups, or grassroots organizations. They provide alternative and diverse methods of mediation that reflect personal perspectives, creative interpretations, or community-driven initiatives. Examples include artist-led workshops, independent guided tours, personal blogs, community discussion groups, zines, and other forms of informal mediation. The non-institutional nature of these dispositifs underscores their role in offering varied and decentralized forms of mediation that complement or challenge official narratives.
label: dispositivo de mediación no institucional @es

non-human actant
type: Class
subclass of: actant
description: A non-human entity that plays an active role in the realm of art exhibitions. This may include biological entities, such as animals and plants, as well as inanimate objects, that actively participate in the creation, interpretation, or presentation of artworks and cultural productions. This class is essential for addressing the participation of non-human entities that affect or contribute to artistic dynamics in significant ways. For example, an installation may include living plants, where their biological processes (such as growth, photosynthesis, and response to light stimuli) are monitored and used to alter other elements of the installation, such as lighting, sounds, or visual projections. Sensors placed on the plants detect changes in their environment (such as humidity, temperature, and light) and these data trigger modifications in the installation, creating an environment that is co-created by the biological activity of the plants. This class does not comprise technological entities which, in the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, are considered to inherently carry a human component in their design, conceptualization, and execution. See “Techno-Actant” class.
label: actante no humano @es

non-produced material object
type: Class
subclass of: material object
description: The Non-Produced Material Object class represents entities that have a material existence but have not been intentionally created or manufactured. These objects occur naturally or exist independently of production. Non-Produced Material Objects include natural artifacts and biological organisms without deliberate intervention or creation.

non-propositional object
type: Class
subclass of: produced material object
description: The "Non-Propositional Object" class represents material entities that do not primarily serve as realizations of ideas, concepts, or conceptual works. Unlike Propositional Objects, Non-Propositional Objects are not characterized by their semantic nature. Instead, they exist primarily for their physical or digital properties, or utilitarian functions. These objects can include items and devices whose primary significance is not tied to conveying meaning or expressing concepts or ideas.
label: objeto no proposicional @es

object
type: Class
label: objeto @es
equivalent class: https://cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/7.1.1/E70_Thing

open day
type: Class
subclass of: communication activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Open Day" class represents an event where an institution, such as a museum, gallery, or cultural organization, opens its doors to the public, often free of charge, to provide access to exhibitions, facilities, and special activities. Open Days are designed to engage the community, attract new visitors, and provide educational and recreational opportunities. These events typically include guided tours, workshops, performances, and interactive sessions to enhance the visitor experience.
label: jornada de puertas abiertas @es

opening
type: Class
subclass of: beginning of activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
label: inauguración @es

ordering structure
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: This class refers to an organized system or framework that defines the arrangement, sequence, or prioritization of elements within a set. This structure establishes rules or criteria for the positioning and relationship of items, ensuring a coherent and systematic organization.
label: estructura de ordenación @es

organizer
type: Class
subclass of: role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isRoleOf
  all values from: human actant
label: organizador @es

outdoor area
type: Class
subclass of: physical site
label: espacio exterior @es

owner
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: propietario @es

participant
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: participante @es

physical site
type: Class
subclass of: site
description: This class represents physical sites.
label: lugar físico @es

place of activity
type: Class
description: This class refers to the place or set of places where human actants carry out activities, developing their professional careers. This class is not limited to a single location but can encompass multiple areas where an activity takes place. For example, an art gallery might operate in several cities beyond the city where its headquarter is located. "Place of Activity" allows for a broader range of spatial interactions and dynamics. It is particularly useful for describing scenarios where activities are dispersed or occurs in multiple locations. The set of places of activity in which an individual or collective operates constitutes their area of activity.
label: lugar de actividad @es

residency
type: Class
description: This class serves as an intermediary class that links individuals (People) to their places of residence, accommodating changes over time. It captures the dynamic nature of residential history, allowing for the tracking of different locations where a person has lived during different periods.
label: residencia @es

planned activity
type: Class
subclass of: activity
subclass of: propositional entity
description: The "Planned Activity" class represents any type of event that is systematically scheduled and organized ahead of time, often of significant interest, that takes place at a specific time and location. This includes a wide range of activities such as exhibitions, performances, lectures, workshops, openings, and other cultural or social gatherings. These activities are characterized by their temporality, purpose, and the involvement of participants or an audience. They are organized to achieve specific objectives, such as education, entertainment, community engagement, or celebration.
label: actividad programada @es

preliminary ideas
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
subclass of: propositional entity
description: The "Preliminary Ideas" class represents the initial and preliminary concepts, thesis, arguments, hypothesis… that precede and ground the conception of a complete work. This can materialize as drafts, sketches, briefings, provisional reports, and other preparatory documents and artifacts. Preliminary Ideas serve as the foundational elements and exploratory steps in the conceptual, intellectual, and creative process, capturing the early stages of ideation, planning, and conceptual development. This class enables the analysis of changes and modifications experienced by works during their conceptualization process.
label: ideas preliminares @es

prelimiary propositional object
type: Class
subclass of: propositional object
description: The "Preliminary Propositional Object" class represents entities that capture initial ideas, drafts, sketches, and other preliminary forms of a conceptual work. These objects are characterized by their formative nature, documenting the early stages of the creative or planning process. Preliminary Propositional Objects are crucial for understanding the development and evolution of a work, as they provide insights into the creator's thought process, experimentation, and conceptual groundwork. Examples include draft manuscripts, rough sketches, conceptual diagrams, provisional reports, and brainstorming notes.
label: objeto proposicional preliminar @es

press conference
type: Class
subclass of: communication activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Press Event" class represents a media-focused event organized to provide information, announcements, or updates to journalists, media representatives, and other stakeholders. This includes press conferences, media briefings, and other events specifically designed to engage the press and provide them with the necessary materials and information to report on exhibitions, new acquisitions, significant developments, or special events.
label: rueda de prensa @es

nota de prensa
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object
label: press release

produced material object
type: Class
subclass of: material object
description: The "Produced Material Object" class represents material objects that have been intentionally brought into material existence or manufactured through human effort or technological processes, with potential collaboration of non-human agents. These objects encompass a wide range of items, including physical artifacts, digital products, and formal expressions of ideas or concepts. Produced Material Objects are characterized by their origin in a production process, which can involve artistic creation, industrial manufacturing, digital rendering, computational programming, or other forms of materialization.

producer
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: productor @es

professional association
type: Class
subclass of: corporate body
description: An organizational entity that unites individuals from a specific profession with the aim of supporting continuous professional development, and representing the interests of its members in the public sphere. Examples of professional associations relevant in the art exhibition domain are “Asociación de Artistas Visuales (AAV)” or “Asociación de Galerías de Arte de Andalucía (AGAA).
label: asociación profesional @es

project director
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: director/a de proyecto @es

promoter
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: promotor @es

proposition
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
description: This class refers to a semantic, intellectual, or conceptual element that articulates specific ideas. It can take the form of assertions, theses, hypotheses, arguments, interpretations, among others. Propositions are inherently part of "propositional entities." They can be developed through “conceptual works”, conveyed and embodied in propositional objects, and assigned to any entity.
label: proposición @es

proposition assignment
type: Class
subclass of: assignment
description: The "Proposition Assignment" class represents the action of assigning a proposition, which can include interpretations, valuations, critical assessment, or other similar statements to an entity. This process involves linking specific propositions to artworks, exhibitions, objects, or any relevant subjects, thereby providing additional context, meaning, or evaluation. Proposition assignments are essential for enriching the understanding and appreciation of entities within the domain, facilitating scholarly analysis, and supporting curatorial decisions.
label: asignación de proposición @es

propositional entity
type: Class
description: The "Propositional Entity" class represents any entity, whether conceptual, material, or activity-based, that conveys, embodies, or entails some form of proposition. This proposition can be intentional and explicit or implicit. Propositional Entities encompass a wide range of forms, including artworks, exhibitions, catalogs, literary works, scholarly works, performances, lectures, conferences, and other entities that communicate or represent specific meanings, concepts, or messages. These entities are characterized by their capacity to convey and embody propositional content, which may involve thesis, hypotheses, interpretations, critical discussions, etc.
label: entidad proposicional @es

propositional object
type: Class
subclass of: produced material object
subclass of: propositional entity
description: The "Propositional Object" class represents material entities that are realizations of ideas, concepts, or conceptual works. Propositional Objects are characterized by their semantic nature. They convey meaning, express intellectual concepts, or articulate discourses. They can take the form of physical objects, formal expressions, or digital entities.
label: objeto proposicional @es

public
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: público @es

publication
type: Class
subclass of: production
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: takesPlaceAt
  all values from: territorial entity
description: This class comprises the processes and activities of publishing. This process involves various stages, including the creation, editing, design, printing or digital formatting. Publication brings into material existence propositional objects in the form of books, journals, articles, reports, catalogs, brochures, and digital content such as e-books or online articles.
label: publicación @es
equivalent class: https://www.iflastandards.info/fr/frbr/frbroo#F30

Publisher
type: Class
subclass of: company
subclass of: role
label: editor (publisher) @es
label: firma editorial @es
label: publisher

representation
type: Class
description: This class represents the formal relationship where an art gallery acts as an intermediary for an artist or a collective of artists, handling aspects such as promotion, sales, and exhibitions of artworks. This class is used to manage and analyze the professional interaction between artists and galleries.
label: representación @es

research assistant
type: Class
subclass of: Assistant
label: ayudante de investigación @es

critique
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
comment: In OntoExhibit, the Critique class represents a specific type of proposition that constitutes the core content of an art review or critical work. A critique provides an evaluative or interpretative perspective on artworks and exhibitions, offering insights that reflect the author's analysis or judgment. This class serves to distinguish the conceptual content from its medium or context, enabling the analysis of its role in shaping discourses around art and exhibitions.
label: crítica @es

role
type: Class
label: rol @es
equivalent class: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/objectrole.owl

scholarly-critique work
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
label: obra crítico-académica @es

scholarly-educational activity
type: Class
subclass of: planned activity
description: The "Academic-Educational Activity" class represents activities designed to provide educational or scholarly value to participants. These activities are aimed at enhancing knowledge, fostering learning, and promoting academic inquiry within the context of art exhibitions and cultural events. Academic-Educational Activities include workshops, lectures, seminars, guided tours, educational programs, and other instructional sessions intended for students, educators, researchers, and the general public.
label: actividad académico-educativa @es

secondary center
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: This class refers to a subsidiary or additional facility of an institution, distinct from its main headquarters. This center may be the place of activities related to the institution's mission, providing supplementary services, exhibitions, or resources. It usually serves as an extension of the institution, enhancing its reach and capabilities. Example: "The Villanueva building serve as the headquarters of the Museo del Prado, whereas the Casón del Buen Retiro serves as Secondary Center."
label: sede secundaria @es

seminar
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
label: seminario @es

sinopsis
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object

site
type: Class
subclass of: place
description: Represents any defined area that facilitates specific art-related activities, encompassing both physical and non-physical (digital or virtual) environments, focusing on the use and significance of each place as a venue for events, interactions, or displays. This class includes buildings, natural landscapes, outdoor areas, as well as specific digital sites that are part of larger digital platforms or virtual environments.

social digital place
type: Class
subclass of: digital place
description: The "Social Digital Place" class represents digital environments designed to enable social interactions, communication and social engagement among users. Social Digital Places include social media platforms, online forums, and other digital venues that enable users to connect, share, and interact in a social context. This class is of significant cultural relevance, not only due to its frequent use by cultural actors, but also due to the growing tendency to use these spaces as venues for digital exhibitions. Example includes Museo del Prado’s TikTok or exhibitions curated and displayed in Instagram.
label: espacio digital social @es

comment
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
label: comentario @es

social interaction
type: Class
subclass of: event
description: The "Social Reaction" class represents the interactions and responses that occur on social media platforms in relation to artworks, exhibitions, events, or cultural entities. This includes likes, comments, shares, mentions, and other forms of engagement that reflect the public's reaction and interaction with the content. Social Reactions provide valuable insights into audience perceptions, trends, and the overall impact of the cultural content within the social media landscape.
label: interacción social @es

social publication
type: Class
subclass of: propositional object
description: The "Social Publication" class represents forms of digital communication whose content it designed to be shared on social media plataforms, and to be public or semi-public consumed. This includes posts, TikTok vídeos, Instagram stories, etc. Social Publications are characterized by their interactive nature, often encouraging engagement, feedback, and sharing among users. They play a significant role in contemporary communication, social interaction, and digital culture.
label: publicación social @es

spatial unit
type: Class
subclass of: site
description: Represents a specific segment or part of a larger spatial structure that serves a distinct function or holds significance within the overall environment. This class includes rooms, halls, wings, or any other designated areas within buildings, complexes, or other types of larger spaces. For example: the “Sala Noble” (spatial unit) is the spatial unit of Palacio de Villalón (Building – physical site), which is the headquarters of Museo Carmen Thyssen (Museum – cultural institution).
label: unidad espacial @es

sponsor
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: patrocinador @es

techno-actant
type: Class
subclass of: actant
subclass of: computational object
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasRole
  all values from: Class
    union of: Assistant
    union of: collaborator
    union of: creator
description: A technological entity or digital and/or computational object that actively participates in the artistic process or in the conceptualization, design, development, presentation, or interpretation of exhibitions. It may include software, hardware, and automated systems. The incorporation of this class allows OntoExhibit to capture and analyze the integration and impact of advanced technologies, especially AI systems in their multiple modalities, providing a framework to understand how these technological entities modify and affect the realm of artistic exhibitions and curatorial projects. Unlike the Non-Human Actant class, in the context of the OntoExhibit ontology, it is considered that technological entities and computational and/or digital objects inherently enclosed a human component in their design, conceptualization, development, and execution, and therefore cannot be considered non-human entities in a strict sense. This class is included without prejudice to the fact that further discussion about the role these entities play in the field of artistic and curatorial production and creation, and their agency value (their possibilities and their limits) must be developed in the coming years.
label: tecnoactante @es

techno-place
type: Class
subclass of: place
subclass of: computational object
description: Represents any virtual or digital environment that is created, enhanced, or enabled through technological means. In OntoExhibit, the techno-place class is a comprehensive class that comprises the variety of digital and/or technological spaces where the digital and/or computational activities of agents within the art exhibition domain are carried out.
label: tecnolugar @es

technological corporation
type: Class
subclass of: company
label: corporación tecnológica @es

territorial entity
type: Class
subclass of: place
description: This class represents any defined area distinguished by administrative or geopolitical boundaries. This class encompasses a wide range of entities from cities and municipalities to states and countries. Each instance of a Territorial Entity is characterized by its governance structures and the legal and political recognition it holds. This class is crucial for analyzing and documenting the geographical movement of agents and objects, and for analyzing the influence and interactions of various levels of governance in cultural contexts.
label: entidad territorial @es

theme
type: Class
subclass of: conceptual object
comment: A conceptual framework or abstract category used to organize, group, or contextualize content, such as artworks, exhibitions, or narratives. Themes provide a unifying idea or focus, serving as a basis for interpretation, but they are not inherently propositional or subject to verification. E.g.: "The Exploration of Identity Through Modern Art Movements".
label: tema @es

thesis
type: Class
subclass of: proposition
label: tesis @es

time range
type: Class
subclass of: time-span
description: This class represents a span of time characterized by a specific start date and end date, capturing the duration between two defined points tin time.
label: rango temporal @es

time-span
type: Class
description: The "Time Span" class represents a continuous duration or interval of time. This class is used to capture the temporal extent of events, activities, processes, or any phenomena that occur over a period of time. A Time Span can range from very short durations, such as seconds or minutes, to extended periods, such as years, decades, or even millennia.
label: periodo de tiempo @es
equivalent class: https://cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/7.1.1/E52_Time-Span

title
type: Class
subclass of: linguistic information object
label: título @es

tour
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity

triennial
type: Class
subclass of: exhibition
description: The "Triennial" class represents a large-scale exhibition event that occurs every three years, showcasing a curated selection of artworks, often from a diverse range of artists, disciplines, and cultural backgrounds. Triennials are significant events in the art world, designed to present contemporary art, foster international cultural exchange, and engage with global artistic trends. These events typically span several months and include various programs such as exhibitions, performances, panel discussions, workshops, and educational activities.
label: trienal @es

university
type: Class
subclass of: educational institution
label: universidad @es

urban space
type: Class
subclass of: outdoor area
label: espacio urbano @es

vernissage
type: Class
subclass of: beginning of activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTimeSpan
  all values from: date
description: The "Vernissage" class represents the private viewing or preview of an art exhibition, typically held before the official opening to the public. Vernissages are often exclusive events attended by invited guests such as artists, critics, collectors, and other VIPs. These events provide an opportunity for attendees to view the artworks in an intimate setting, often accompanied by speeches, performances, or social gatherings that celebrate the launch of the exhibition.

visitor
type: Class
subclass of: role
label: visitante @es

visual identity
type: Class
subclass of: visual information object
label: identidad visual @es

visual information object
type: Class
subclass of: information object
label: objeto de información visual @es

visual organization schema
type: Class
subclass of: ordering structure
label: organización visual @es

página web
type: Class
subclass of: digital place
subclass of: information object

Website
type: Class
subclass of: digital place
description: The "Website" class represents a collection of web pages and related content identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server. In the art exhibition domain, examples include museums' websites that host digital exhibitions and other digital resources related to exhibitions, as well as websites specifically designed for an exhibition, such as the website of the digital exhibition Iconoclash (2023).

work manifestation
type: Class
subclass of: propositional object
description: The "Work Manifestation" class represents a specific realization or embodiment of an intellectual, literary, cultural or artistic work. This can include physical objects, formal expressions, or digital entities that materialize the work in a specific form, making it accessible to audiences.
label: manifestación de obra @es

workshop
type: Class
subclass of: scholarly-educational activity
label: taller @es

art review
type: Class
subclass of: work manifestation
comment: In OntoExhibit, an Art Review refers specifically to critical or evaluative texts about artworks and, exhibitions that are published in mass media, such as newspapers, magazines, journals, or online platforms. These reviews are socio-discursive entities that provide analytical, interpretative, or critical perspectives, often shaping public opinion and influencing the reception of the art or exhibitions they address. This focus allows for the modeling and analysis of the role of art criticism as mediated through public communication channels. @es
label: crítica de arte @es

assingment critique
type: Class
subclass of: proposition assignment
label: asignación de crítica @es

chapter
type: Class
subclass of: narrative/discursive unit
label: capítulo @es

newspaper
type: Class
subclass of: information object
label: periódico @es

foundation (institution)
type: Class
subclass of: Cultural Institution
label: fundación (institución) @es

corporate body
type: Class
subclass of: collective human actant
description: A "Corporate Body" refers to an organization or group of individuals that is recognized by law as a single entity, having its own legal identity separate from that of its members. This class encompasses entities such as corporations, associations, institutions, and government agencies, which can own property, enter into contracts, sue, and be sued in their own name. The corporate body operates through a structured governance system, typically including a board of directors or similar governing body, and is established for specific purposes such as business, education, or public service. The definition of a corporate body highlights its capacity to act as a unified entity in legal, financial, and operational contexts.
label: organismo corporativo @es
equivalent class: http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/#term_Group